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The Palestine-Israel crisis amidst the Russia-Ukraine war has raised questions on the role of the United Nations. Due to the failure of the United Nations, the countries of Europe and the Middle East are burning in the fire of violence. On social media, people have opened a front against the United Nations. Users are now calling the United Nations ‘useless’.
This is the first time in the history of the United Nations that no joint statement has been issued by the UN regarding the peace appeal. However, United Nations Secretary General Antonio Guterres has definitely given a statement.
Guterres has appealed to Israel to take action only in accordance with world law. He also said that given the current situation, the situation in Gaza Strip will get even worse. Here, the official handle of the United Nations has said that the entire matter will be investigated.
Famous human rights activist Diqa Yasin has demanded the closure of the United Nations. Yasin says that an organization which has not been able to resolve any dispute even in 75 years has no reason to exist. Yasin has sought to create an effective organization to establish peace in the world.
Former Prime Minister of Malaysia Mahathir Mohammad has held the United Nations responsible for the Israel and Palestine crisis. Mahathir has appealed to the people of the world to get to the root of this dispute. Mahathir says that the international organization has failed to stop Europe’s agenda.
This is the first time that the role of the United Nations is being questioned after the war between two countries. Even before, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has described the United Nations as ineffective. Zelensky said that there are liars in the United Nations, who work to justify the wrongdoings of some countries.
Why was the United Nations established?
After the First World War, the League of Nations was established under the leadership of Woodrow Wilson to establish peace among the countries of the world, but due to the Treaty of Versailles, the Second World War broke out in 1939. This war continued till 1945.
The initiative to form the United Nations was taken in the midst of the war. However, initially Japan and Germany did not give their consent.
After the end of the World War, on October 24, 1945, more than 50 countries including America and Russia united in San Francisco and signed a document in which it was said that an organization would be formed to establish peace. Presently it is called ‘Charter of the United Nations’.
There are a total of 70 articles in the Charter of the United Nations. Its Article 1 states that the main work of this organization is to establish peace in the world. If there is any dispute between two countries, the United Nations is committed to resolving it peacefully with the help of international law.
There are a total of 6 major organs of the United Nations, which work in different areas. The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six major organs of the United Nations, which ensures peace and security throughout the world.
Not only Israel-Palestine, the United Nations could not stop the war here too
1.War between Russia and Ukraine- In February 2022, Russia attacked Ukraine. Russia was angry with Ukraine’s decision to join NATO. 10 big cities of Ukraine were ruined due to Russian attack. According to Statista, by September 2023, 9614 people of Ukraine have died in this war, of which 554 are children.
According to Kiev Independent, 2 lakh 83 thousand Russian soldiers have been killed so far in the war with Ukraine. However, Russia has been continuously rejecting this claim of Ukraine. According to European media, Russia is continuously using private army to fight the war with Ukraine.
Several proposals were made in the United Nations to stop the war and take action against Russia, but due to the opposition of Russia and China, this proposal got stuck. The war still continues between the two countries
2. War between Vietnam and America- This war started only 10 years after the formation of the United Nations. The United Nations completely failed to stop this also. This war lasted for about 10 years, in which 2 million civilians of Vietnam were killed. America also suffered a lot in the war and 55 thousand of its soldiers lost their lives.
After internal and external pressure, America finally accepted its defeat in the Vietnam War. In 2008, Stephen DeGette, quoting the US Congress, claimed that America spent about $686 billion in the Vietnam War, which is more than $950 billion today.
3. Conflict between Iraq and Iran- War broke out between Iraq and Iran in the Middle East on 22 September 1980. The Iraqi army had infiltrated the border of western Iran and attacked it. The war between the two countries lasted for about 8 years, in which 10 lakh people were killed.
The United Nations also completely failed to stop the conflict between Iraq and Iran. Iraq had the support of Western countries in the war. In 1988, Iran and Iraq, struggling with military resources, announced a treaty. This was the first war between two countries in the world in which chemical weapons were used.
4. Rwandan genocide and the role of France- This was not a war between two countries, but its echo was heard all over the world. For the first time, 8 lakh people were killed in an internal war of a country. In fact, in 1994, two communities in Rwanda, Africa declared war against each other.
On one side there were majority Hutu and on the other side there was minority Tutsi community. The war was started by Hutu. France was also criticized a lot in this conflict. France was accused that its soldiers, despite being present in Rwanda, did not protect the Tutsis.
In 2021, French President Emmanuel Macron also apologized for this. However, the role of the United Nations in this war remained the most questionable.
5. Bosnia’s Civil War- After the division of Yugoslavia in 1992, a dispute started between the Serb and Muslim communities regarding the new nation. The United Nations failed to reach an agreement between the two, after which the dispute gradually turned into war and in 1995, soldiers of the Serb community took 8 thousand Muslims to Black Point and shot them.
After the shooting the whole world came into action. Seeing the opposition from Islamic countries, NATO immediately landed its troops here, after which the violence was controlled.
Annual budget of United Nations is Rs 2321 crore, main source is donation.
The annual budget of the United Nations is about Rs 2321 crore, which the United Nations raises through donations. According to the United Nations website, 137 countries have donated to it in 2023. The United Nations has received the maximum donation from America.
In 2024, India has donated about Rs 24 crore to the United Nations. This is more than 1 percent of the total budget. According to Article 18 of the Charter of the United Nations, the decision on where and how the budget will be spent is taken in the meeting of the General Assembly.
Why can’t the UN stop the war even after having a budget of crores?
During an address at the United Nations in 2021, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi also raised questions on the role of the United Nations. Narendra Modi had described the veto as an important factor in reforming the United Nations and said that if it is not changed in view of the global scenario, it will lose its relevance.
Veto policy is considered to be the reason behind the failure of the United Nations on every front. At present America, Russia, China, Britain and France have veto power in the United Nations. Of these, 4 countries were together in the Second World War.
Former Secretary-General of the United Nations Boutros-Boutras Ghali has mentioned in his autobiography ‘Unvanquished: A US-UN Saga’ about the dominance of veto countries within the UN.
According to Ghali, veto power countries want to run the United Nations as per their own wish and because of this, major decisions cannot be taken in many matters. Ghali writes in his autobiography – It is meaningless to expect the United Nations to take a major decision without abolishing the veto system.
Famous British commentator Neil Gardener says- There are many reasons behind the failure of the United Nations. The most prominent among these is its weak leadership, which is unable to take the right decisions at the right time. It is because of poor management that questions arise on the United Nations.
Gardener describes the leadership of the United Nations as sick and says – it has become a directionless organization, which is not working according to the 21st century. If its pattern does not change in the times to come, it will become completely irrelevant.
